Biodiversity in Germany is facing a steep decline, affecting numerous habitats and species. Over 93 types of habitats are impacted, with 9% of seabed habitats like seagrass meadows and European oyster beds being destroyed. The primary drivers are the intensification of agriculture, land sealing, and climate change. Measures such as organic farming, the creation of protected areas, species reintroduction, wastewater treatment, and natural garden designs can help mitigate these impacts. Individual efforts in creating ecologically friendly gardens are also crucial, given that garden areas in Germany are equivalent to the size of nature reserves.
The report highlights a significant reduction in the populations of insects, birds, and wild plants over recent decades. Despite some positive developments, such as the recovery of dragonfly populations and improvements in river water quality due to wastewater treatment, the overall trend remains concerning. Almost a third of species on the Red List are at risk of extinction or critically endangered.
The need for coordinated political, economic, and societal action is emphasized. Policies are in place but often lack alignment. Sustainable agricultural practices and the restoration of natural habitats are essential. Positive examples like the resurgence of the grey seal population demonstrate that effective conservation efforts can yield significant results.
